DZYUBAN

Officials

Decisions on record: 61

Still in office 8

Dominic LeBlanc

Minister of Finance; member of the House of Commons of Canada

Dominic LeBlanc

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $24,000,000

Dominic LeBlanc contravened subsection 6(1) of the Act by making a decision that placed him in a conflict of interest, as well as section 21 of the Act, which sets out a corresponding duty to recuse.

Dossier

Finding Dominic LeBlanc contravened subsection 6(1) of the Act by making a decision that placed him in a conflict of interest, as well as section 21 of the Act, which sets out a corresponding duty to recuse.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 12 September 2018

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 6(1)

$24 million This licence was for 25% of the total allowable catch, valued at approximately $24 million in sales the first year of the licence.

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Anita Vandenbeld

member of the House of Commons of Canada

Anita Vandenbeld

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $103,611

Anita Vandenbeld contravened section 11 of the Code.

Dossier

Finding Anita Vandenbeld contravened section 11 of the Code.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 10 July 2019

Law Conflict of Interest Code, s. 11

$103,610.78 ity of Ottawa’s website stated that city councillors hold their office for four years and that the yearly remuneration for the position was $103,610.78 in 2018.

$1,000 Under paragraph 21(1)(b), Members must state the amount of any income greater than $1,000 and indicate the source of this income, namely the employer, the party with whom a contract is made or the bus

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Lori Idlout

member of the House of Commons of Canada

Lori Idlout

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $5,740

Lori Idlout contravened section 8 of the Code.

Dossier

Finding Lori Idlout contravened section 8 of the Code.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 2 September 2026

Law Conflict of Interest Code, s. 8

$5,740.46 Idlout on these purchases was $5,740.46.

$1,380 Idlout purchased a number of items (cards, tote bags, hand-crafted keychains and zipper pulls, and sculptures), for a total of $1,380.

$150 Idlout purchased a lapel pin for a price of $150, which she gifted to the Honourable Greg Fergus, the Speaker of the House of Commons at the time, during an official visit to Iqaluit.

Company Al’s B&B Inc, Carvings Nunavut Incnamed in the decision

Party New Democratic Party; Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Jaime Battiste

member of the House of Commons of Canada

Jaime Battiste

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $4,051

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1)

$4,051 On May 17, 2019, Jaime Battiste contributed $4,051 to his campaign.

$1,600 Per subsection 367(1) of the Canada Elections Act (the Act), an individual’s annual contribution limit for 2019 was $1,600.

$1,451 Consequently, he made an excess contribution of $1,451.

$1,000 In addition, Jaime Battiste, as a nomination contestant, was allowed per subsection 367(5) of the Act to make an additional contribution of $1,000 to his campaign.

$500 The initial amount of the AMP set out in the Notice of Violation was $500.

$200 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 367(1)

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Christiane Fox

Deputy Minister of National Defence

8 April 2026

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Act, s. 9

Christiane Fox contravened section 9 of the Conflict of Interest Act by using her office to influence departmental officials to hire a man she had referred, with no government or access-to-information experience, at a management level for which the officials had advised he was not qualified.

Dossier

Finding Christiane Fox contravened section 9 of the Conflict of Interest Act by using her office to influence departmental officials to hire a man she had referred, with no government or access-to-information experience, at a management level for which the officials had advised he was not qualified.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 8 April 2026

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 9

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Greg Fergus

member of the House of Commons of Canada

Greg Fergus

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Act, s. 9

Greg Fergus contravened section 9 of the Act by writing a letter in support of Natyf Inc., whose application for mandatory distribution on the digital basic service for its television service, Natyf TV, was before the CRTC.

Dossier

Finding Greg Fergus contravened section 9 of the Act by writing a letter in support of Natyf Inc., whose application for mandatory distribution on the digital basic service for its television service, Natyf TV, was before the CRTC.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 14 February 2023

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 9

Company Natyf Incnamed in the decision

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

James Maloney

member of the House of Commons of Canada

James Maloney

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Code, s. 20(1)(i)

James Maloney contravened paragraph 20(1)(i) of the Conflict of Interest Code for Members of the House of Commons: after his re-election in 2019 he did not complete the disclosure of his private interests, due on 7 January 2020 and still incomplete in late April despite repeated notices from the Commissioner.

Dossier

Finding James Maloney contravened paragraph 20(1)(i) of the Conflict of Interest Code for Members of the House of Commons: after his re-election in 2019 he did not complete the disclosure of his private interests, due on 7 January 2020 and still incomplete in late April despite repeated notices from the Commissioner.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 19 November 2020

Law Conflict of Interest Code, s. 20(1)(i)

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Stephanie Kusie

member of the House of Commons of Canada

Stephanie Kusie

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Code, s. 27(2.1)

Stephanie Kusie contravened subsection 27(2.1) of the Code concerning the public comments made in relation to her request for an inquiry on her website and Facebook and Twitter accounts.

Dossier

Finding Stephanie Kusie contravened subsection 27(2.1) of the Code concerning the public comments made in relation to her request for an inquiry on her website and Facebook and Twitter accounts.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 4 December 2018

Law Conflict of Interest Code, s. 27(2.1)

Party Conservative Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

No longer in office 25

Jay Hill

Canadian politician

Jay Hill

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $1,000,000,000

Jay Hill acted in a manner as to take improper advantage of his previous public office as Leader of the Government in the House of Commons, and thereby contravened section 33.

Dossier

Finding Jay Hill acted in a manner as to take improper advantage of his previous public office as Leader of the Government in the House of Commons, and thereby contravened section 33.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 26 March 2013

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 33.

$1 billion As this deal was worth over $1 billion, he felt the relevant federal ministers should get a heads-up, so that they would not be caught off-guard when the matter became public.

Company Calgary Office Progress Energy Resources Corporation, Progress Energy Resources Corporationnamed in the decision

Party Conservative Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Bill Morneau

39th Canadian Minister of Finance

Bill Morneau

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $900,000,000

Bill Morneau contravened subsection 6(1), section 7 and section 21 of the Act.

Dossier

Finding Bill Morneau contravened subsection 6(1), section 7 and section 21 of the Act.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 13 May 2021

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 6(1), 7 and 21

$900 million Morneau's recommendation to set aside $900 million in funding for the CSSG on April 21 and his participation in Cabinet discussions on May 22, where he ultimately voted in favour of the crea

$112 million Morneau approve $112 million to expand the Canada Service Corps, which included $2 million to support the “I Want to Help” volunteer matching platform.

$100 million They also recommended setting aside $900 million for the initiative based on preliminary estimates and an additional $100 million for the implementation and the associated costs of a broader portal an

$43.53 million for the second tranche of 20,000 placements, and $10.5 million for a third tranche of up to an additional 60,000 placements, for a total of $43.53 million.

$25 million The second was a $25 million funding request for the aforementioned Social Entrepreneurs initiative in 2019.

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Justin Trudeau

23rd prime minister of Canada from 2015 to 2025

Justin Trudeau

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $330,000,000

Justin Trudeau contravened sections 5, 11, 12, and 21 of the Conflict of Interest Act (Act).

Dossier

Finding Justin Trudeau contravened sections 5, 11, 12, and 21 of the Conflict of Interest Act (Act).Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 20 December 2017

Law Conflict of Interest Code, s. 5, 11, 12, and 21

$330 million Documents obtained show that, since 1981, the Government of Canada has supported projects of the Foundation by contributing nearly $330 million for activities that include projects in Afghanistan, Pak

$200 million The study resulted in a report proposing a riverfront renewal master plan at an estimated cost of $200 million.

$30 million He also announced that the government would contribute $30 million towards an endowment fund set up by the Network for the establishment of the Centre.

$20 million The Aga Khan, for his part, contributed $10 million towards the endowment fund and $20 million towards the refurbishment of the former War Museum heritage building.

$15 million The $15 million in additional funding for the Global Centre for Pluralism had been promised by the previous government.

Company Sea Charters Co. Ltdnamed in the decision

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Annette Verschuren

public office holder

Annette Verschuren

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $25,000,000

Annette Verschuren contravened subsection 6(1) and section 21 of the Act.

Dossier

Finding Annette Verschuren contravened subsection 6(1) and section 21 of the Act.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 24 July 2024

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 6(1) and 21

$25 million Verschuren, as Chairperson, then proposed Motion 100(B).01: “That the Board approve the recommendation to provide $25 million in funds to support companies in their efforts to develop domestic supply

$15 million nt a total of approximately $26.5 million on the Goderich project, of which NRStor and Hydrostor contributed approximately $8.5 million and $15 million respectively.

$10 million Companies must participate in a competitive funding process and can receive up to $10 million over a period of up to five years.

$2,341,187.42 The total contribution by SDTC (provided to NRStor, but not counted in the $8.5 million) was $2,341,187.42, which included the amount originally approved by the Board in 2017 and two COVID-19 emergenc

$2,123,526 The SDTC Board approved funding of $2,123,526 for the Goderich project on September 20, 2017, and a contribution agreement between SDTC and NRStor was signed on January 14, 2018.

Company Hydrostor Inc, NRStor Goderich CAES GP Inc, NRStor Incnamed in the decision

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Vic Toews

Canadian politician

Vic Toews

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $25,000,000

Vic Toews contravened subsection 35(1) of the Act.

Dossier

Finding Vic Toews contravened subsection 35(1) of the Act.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 21 April 2017

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 35(1)

$25 million The second letter related to the request for a $25 million loan from the Keenanow Trust.

$10,500 On September 30, 2013, Rath & Company issued two cheques, in the amount of $10,500 each, to the numbered company as non-refundable retainers.

$10,000 The company was paid a $10,000 retainer by the Norway House Cree Nation.

Company Manitoba Ltdnamed in the decision

Party Conservative Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Ian Bennett

Canadian civil servant (1948–2018)

17 November 2016

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $10,000,000

Ian Bennett contravened section 11 of the Act by accepting the gifts from Brinks Canada.

Dossier

Finding Ian Bennett contravened section 11 of the Act by accepting the gifts from Brinks Canada.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 17 November 2016

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 11

$10 million The Mint paid $10 million in dividends to its sole shareholder, the Canadian government.

$2 million Bennett recalled to be $2 million.

$150 Laplante valued it at approximately $150.

$100 Panaritis estimated that the dinner cost approximately $100 per person.

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Robert Thibault

Canadian politician

Robert Thibault

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $2,000,000

Robert Thibault failed to comply with sections 8, 12 and 13 of the Conflict of Interest Code.

Dossier

Finding Robert Thibault failed to comply with sections 8, 12 and 13 of the Conflict of Interest Code.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 7 May 2008

Law Conflict of Interest Code

$2 million Thibault, seeking $2 million in damages for allegedly libellous comments that Mr.

$100,000.00 Schreiber, and remained a Member of the Parliament of Canada at the time that he received the first instalment of $100,000.00.

Company West Groupnamed in the decision

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Nigel Wright

public office holder

25 May 2017

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $90,172

Nigel Wright contravened subsection 6(1) and section 9 of the Act.

Dossier

Finding Nigel Wright contravened subsection 6(1) and section 9 of the Act.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 25 May 2017

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 6(1) and 9

$90,172.24 These conditions were directly tied to the payment of $90,172.24 with the objective of making the political issue that Mr.

$90,000 Wright indicated that when it was later confirmed that the amount to be repaid was in excess of $90,000 ($80,000 plus interest), he “thought it was in the public interest to repay these funds" and tha

$80,000 Wright indicated that when it was later confirmed that the amount to be repaid was in excess of $90,000 ($80,000 plus interest), he “thought it was in the public interest to repay these funds" and tha

$33,000 The Repayment Initial media reports suggested that Senator Duffy's housing allowance in the National Capital Region totalled more than $33,000.

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Mary Ng

Canadian politician

Mary Ng

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $25,000

Mary Ng contravened subsection 6(1) and section 21 of the Act.

Dossier

Finding Mary Ng contravened subsection 6(1) and section 21 of the Act.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 13 December 2022

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 6(1) and 21

$25,000 Ng, the contract was awarded without competing bids pursuant to the applicable Treasury Board policy, given its value under the $25,000 threshold requiring solicitation of bids.

$24,995.60 The value of these contracts ranged from $5,840 to $24,995.60.

$16,950 The contract provided for a fee of $15,000 plus HST (the total amount was $16,950) to be paid for the following scope of work: two media training sessions with the Minister focusing on various types o

$15,000 The contract provided for a fee of $15,000 plus HST (the total amount was $16,950) to be paid for the following scope of work: two media training sessions with the Minister focusing

$7,500.04 raining from another contractor in August 2019, [v] under a contract valued at $5,893, and in January 2020, [vi] under a contract valued at $7,500.04.

Company Circumstance PR Corpnamed in the decision

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Joe Peschisolido

Canadian politician

Joe Peschisolido

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $10,000

Joe Peschisolido contravened subsections 20(1) and 21(3) of the Code with respect to interests he no longer held in Peschisolido Law Corporation as a result of the corporation's dissolution on November 26, 2018, by failing to file an accurate statement of his private interests at the time of the annual review he…

Dossier

Finding Joe Peschisolido contravened subsections 20(1) and 21(3) of the Code with respect to interests he no longer held in Peschisolido Law Corporation as a result of the corporation's dissolution on November 26, 2018, by failing to file an accurate statement of his private interests at the time of the annual review he…Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 5 February 2020

Law Conflict of Interest Code, s. 20(1) and 21(3)

$10,000 contravened subsection 20(1) of the Code by failing to provide a full statement of his private interests with respect to an asset exceeding $10,000, namely a shareholder's loan, at the time of his ini

$1,000 asset or liability of the Member and their family members with a value exceeding $10,000, the amount and source of any income greater than $1,000 they received in the preceding 12 months or are entitl

Company Peschisolido Law Corporationnamed in the decision

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

John Lynn

public office holder

26 June 2014

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $6,421

John Lynn contravened paragraph 15(1)(e) of the Act.

Dossier

Finding John Lynn contravened paragraph 15(1)(e) of the Act.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 26 June 2014

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 15(1)(e)

$6,421 Lynn's two invoices of $6,421 and $2,729 for this work.

$4,800 Lynn $4,800 for this work.

$2,729 Lynn's two invoices of $6,421 and $2,729 for this work.

Company Enterprise Cape Breton Corporationnamed in the decision

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Maurice Vellacott

Canadian politician

Maurice Vellacott

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $2,000

However, although section 15 of the Members’ Code was technically contravened, I find, in accordance with subsection 28(5), that it was a mitigated contravention.

Dossier

Finding However, although section 15 of the Members’ Code was technically contravened, I find, in accordance with subsection 28(5), that it was a mitigated contravention.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 15 June 2006

Law Conflict of Interest Code, s. 15

$2,000 Vellacott says he did not know exactly why he was being asked to bring the $2,000, but assumed some previous arrangements had been made between Mr.

$500 Vellacott’s trip to Sudan exceeded $500.

Party Conservative Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Michael Richard Jackson Bonner

Canadian political adviser & historian (1982-)

26 February 2015

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $1,650

Michael Richard Jackson Bonner contravened section 11 of the Act by accepting the invitations in each case examined in this report.

Dossier

Finding Michael Richard Jackson Bonner contravened section 11 of the Act by accepting the invitations in each case examined in this report.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 26 February 2015

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 11

$1,650 Yeldon informed my Office that the cost of the table was $1,650 for 10 seats, or $165 per person plus tax.

$1000 The advertised price of a ticket to the Gala was $1000 and it was understood that for those paying $1000 there would be a tax receipt for all but the direct cost of the evening.

$390 Foundation and advised that the value of the tickets was $195 each, or $390 in total.

$200 He said that the price of the tickets to each event was less than $200.

$195 NAC advised my Office that the NAC sends VIP invitations to select public office holders as NAC guests, offering a special ticket price of $195, which reflects the direct cost of the evening.

Company Allan Bonner Communications Management Inc, External Relations NATIONAL Public Relations Inc, NATIONAL Public Relations Inc, Skills Working Groupnamed in the decision

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Chrystia Freeland

Canadian politician and journalist (born 1968)

Chrystia Freeland

Undertaking

Largest sum in the decision: $911

Undertaking under the Canada Elections Act, s. 363(1) and 368(1)(a).

Dossier

Finding Undertaking under the Canada Elections Act, s. 363(1) and 368(1)(a).Commissioner of Canada Elections · 26 January 2026

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 363(1) and 368(1)(a)

$910.58 Freeland’s electoral district, University–Rosedale, paid, to the Receiver General for Canada, the amount of $910.58, representing the known quantifiable costs with the June 23 and 24, 2024 events.

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Mark Kristmanson

public office holder

12 December 2018

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $200

Mark Kristmanson contravened subsection 11(1) of the Act on 12 different occasions.

Dossier

Finding Mark Kristmanson contravened subsection 11(1) of the Act on 12 different occasions.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 12 December 2018

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 11(1)

$200 In one instance, the tickets were valued at $200 or more which, while acceptable, would have required Dr.

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Linda Vennard

public office holder

13 September 2016

Contravention

Largest sum in the decision: $200

Linda Vennard contravened section 11 of the Act by accepting a bouquet of flowers and a box of chocolates from a stakeholder.

Dossier

Finding Linda Vennard contravened section 11 of the Act by accepting a bouquet of flowers and a box of chocolates from a stakeholder.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 13 September 2016

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 11

$200 g about the Conflict of Interest Act rules regarding gifts, particularly her understanding of the obligation to refuse gifts valued at over $200.

$123.90 The invoice provided by RED FM showed that they cost $123.90.

Company Vennard Consulting Group Incnamed in the decision

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Yasmin Ratansi

Canadian politician

Yasmin Ratansi

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Code, s. 8

Yasmin Ratansi contravened section 8 of the Conflict of Interest Code for Members of the House of Commons by employing in her constituency office, from January 2017 to November 2020, a woman she publicly called her sister.

Dossier

Finding Yasmin Ratansi contravened section 8 of the Conflict of Interest Code for Members of the House of Commons by employing in her constituency office, from January 2017 to November 2020, a woman she publicly called her sister.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 15 June 2021

Law Conflict of Interest Code, s. 8

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Justin Trudeau

23rd prime minister of Canada from 2015 to 2025

Justin Trudeau

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Act, s. 9

Justin Trudeau contravened section 9 of the Conflict of Interest Act by using his position as Prime Minister to seek to influence the decision of the Attorney General of Canada, Jody Wilson-Raybould, on the criminal prosecution of SNC-Lavalin.

Dossier

Finding Justin Trudeau contravened section 9 of the Conflict of Interest Act by using his position as Prime Minister to seek to influence the decision of the Attorney General of Canada, Jody Wilson-Raybould, on the criminal prosecution of SNC-Lavalin.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 14 August 2019

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 9

Company SNC-Lavalin Construction Inc, SNC-Lavalin Group, SNC-Lavalin Group Inc, SNC-Lavalin International Incnamed in the decision

Party Liberal Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Jim Smolik

public office holder

30 May 2019

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Act, s. 35(2)

Jim Smolik contravened subsection 35(2) of the Conflict of Interest Act: within weeks of leaving the Canadian Grain Commission, inside the one-year cooling-off period, he dealt with the Commission on behalf of his new employer, Cargill.

Dossier

Finding Jim Smolik contravened subsection 35(2) of the Conflict of Interest Act: within weeks of leaving the Canadian Grain Commission, inside the one-year cooling-off period, he dealt with the Commission on behalf of his new employer, Cargill.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 30 May 2019

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 35(2)

Company Cargill Inc, Cargill Limited, Chief Audit Executive Cargill Limitednamed in the decision

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Charlie Angus

Canadian author, journalist, broadcaster, musician and politician

Charlie Angus

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Code, s. 27(2.1)

Charlie Angus contravened subsection 27(2.1) of the Conflict of Interest Code for Members of the House of Commons by posting on his website and Twitter his request for an inquiry into another Member before the period of silence set by the Code had passed.

Dossier

Finding Charlie Angus contravened subsection 27(2.1) of the Conflict of Interest Code for Members of the House of Commons by posting on his website and Twitter his request for an inquiry into another Member before the period of silence set by the Code had passed.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 14 June 2018

Law Conflict of Interest Code, s. 27(2.1)

Party New Democratic Party

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Parm Gill

Canadian politician

Parm Gill

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Act, s. 9

Parm Gill contravened section 9 of the Conflict of Interest Act by sending letters of support to the CRTC, an administrative tribunal, while he was a parliamentary secretary.

Dossier

Finding Parm Gill contravened section 9 of the Conflict of Interest Act by sending letters of support to the CRTC, an administrative tribunal, while he was a parliamentary secretary.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 24 February 2016

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 9

Party Conservative Party of Canada; Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Daniel Kosick

public office holder

15 September 2015

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Act, s. 35(1)

Daniel Kosick contravened subsection 35(1) of the Conflict of Interest Act by accepting, one month after leaving a minister's office, a job with Flagship Solutions, a lobbying firm whose consultant he had met three times in his last year in office.

Dossier

Finding Daniel Kosick contravened subsection 35(1) of the Conflict of Interest Act by accepting, one month after leaving a minister's office, a job with Flagship Solutions, a lobbying firm whose consultant he had met three times in his last year in office.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 15 September 2015

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 35(1)

Company Flagship Solution Inc, Flagship Solutions Incnamed in the decision

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Loyola Sullivan

Canadian politician

Loyola Sullivan

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Act, s. 35(2)

Loyola Sullivan clearly contravened subsection 35(2) of the Act by making representations during his one-year cooling-off period, which ended on March 28, 2012.

Dossier

Finding Loyola Sullivan clearly contravened subsection 35(2) of the Act by making representations during his one-year cooling-off period, which ended on March 28, 2012.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 17 October 2012

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 35(2)

Party Conservative Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Christian Paradis

Canadian politician

Christian Paradis

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Act, s. 7 and 6(1)

Christian Paradis contravened section 7 and subsection 6(1) of the Conflict of Interest Act: as Minister of Public Works he had his staff arrange a meeting with departmental officials for the company of Rahim Jaffer, a former caucus colleague.

Dossier

Finding Christian Paradis contravened section 7 and subsection 6(1) of the Conflict of Interest Act: as Minister of Public Works he had his staff arrange a meeting with departmental officials for the company of Rahim Jaffer, a former caucus colleague.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 22 March 2012

Law Conflict of Interest Act, s. 7 and 6(1)

Company Green Power Generation Corporation, Mr. Ravi Sundararaj Green Power Generation Corporation, Technical Services Management Groupnamed in the decision

Party Conservative Party of Canada

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Helena Guergis

Canadian politician, businessperson

Helena Guergis

Contravention

Provision: Conflict of Interest Code, s. 8 and 9

Helena Guergis contravened sections 8 and 9 of the Code in respect of the letter in support of Wright Tech because in doing so she acted in a way to further the private interests of her husband, Mr. Jaffer.

Dossier

Finding Helena Guergis contravened sections 8 and 9 of the Code in respect of the letter in support of Wright Tech because in doing so she acted in a way to further the private interests of her husband, Mr. Jaffer.Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner · 14 July 2011

Law Conflict of Interest Code, s. 8 and 9

Company Green Power Generation Corp, Green Power Generation Corporation, Green Rite Solutions Inc, Wright Tech Incnamed in the decision

Party Conservative Party of Canada; independent politician

Record Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner

Agents and candidates 28

David Berlin

Official agent

13 September 2021

Compliance agreement

Largest sum in the decision: $70,167

Compliance agreement under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1)(a) and 497.4(2)(r).

Dossier

Finding Compliance agreement under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1)(a) and 497.4(2)(r).Commissioner of Canada Elections · 13 September 2021

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1)(a) and 497.4(2)(r)

$70,166.85 andidate’s campaign received 15% of the preliminary expense limit for the electoral district as an initial reimbursement, which amounted to $70,166.85.

$42,647.85 As a result, only $42,647.85 of the initial reimbursement was returned to the Receiver General.

$20,000 his compliance agreement has been signed by the Commissioner, a series of post-dated cheques spread out over a period of 36 months totaling $20,000, in accordance with a payment schedule approved by t

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Sarah Chung

Candidate

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $27,000

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(7).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(7).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 367(7)

$27,000 The Candidate’s Electoral Campaign Return (the Return) reported two loans, totaling $27,000, but at the time the Return was submitted, the loan balance was $25,000.

$25,000 Electoral Campaign Return (the Return) reported two loans, totaling $27,000, but at the time the Return was submitted, the loan balance was $25,000.

$5,000 As such, Sarah Chung was allowed to contribute a maximum of $5,000 to her own campaign.

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 367(7)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Yassmina Danavi

Official agent

2 February 2026

Undertaking

Largest sum in the decision: $18,104

Undertaking under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3).

Dossier

Finding Undertaking under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3).Commissioner of Canada Elections · 2 February 2026

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3)

$18,103.88 3(3) of the Act, she was required to return, without delay, to the Receiver General, the excess reimbursement she received in the amount of $18,103.88.

$10,862.33 On May 4, 2023, a partial reimbursement of $10,862.33 was returned to the Receiver General.

$7,241.55 As of the date of the signing of the undertaking, the amount of $7,241.55 had not been returned to the Receiver General.

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Vrajesh Shah

Official agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $15,352

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3)

$15,351.81 On February 22, 2023, the Conservative Party of Canada made a payment to Elections Canada in the amount of $15,351.81 toward the reimbursement owed by Rinku Shah’s campaign.

$395.50 The balance of $395.50 was returned to the Receiver General on March 11, 2025, two years later.

$300 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 477.73(3)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Mario Albert

Official agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $10,056

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3)

$10,056.12 Mario Albert was required to return the excess portion of $10,056.12 by February 20, 2023.

$6,033.67 On December 22, 2022, a partial refund of $6,033.67 was remitted to the Receiver General.

$4,022.45 Elections Canada records indicate that as of March 28, 2025, the remaining $4,022.45 had still not been returned.

$300 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 477.73(3)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Ajaypal Singh

Official agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $7,910

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1)

$7,910 Ajaypal Singh also personally paid a campaign expense in the amount of $7,910, which was reported on the Return.

$1,600 ate’s Electoral Campaign Return (the Return) reported a monetary contribution from Ajaypal Singh to Baljit Bawa’s campaign in the amount of $1,600.

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 367(1)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Robert Gibbs

Candidate

25 February 2021

Compliance agreement

Largest sum in the decision: $7,500

Compliance agreement under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(1)(a) and (b).

Dossier

Finding Compliance agreement under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(1)(a) and (b).Commissioner of Canada Elections · 25 February 2021

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 368(1)(a) and (b)

$7,500 itions In accordance with subsection 517(2) of the Act, the Contracting Party undertakes to pay, to the Receiver General, a total amount of $7,500, representing the sum of the following: $6,000, repre

$6,000 That said, despite having being told by the Contracting Party that work with a value of some $6,000 had been performed as volunteer labour, the candidate’s official agent reported three non-monetary c

$2,000 Since an individual’s contribution limit in 2015 was $1,500, the reported $2,000 contribution from each individual would have represented $500 over-contributions, for a total of $1,500 in such over-co

$1,500 and $1,500, representing the amount paid back by the campaign to Romar Communications Ltd.

Company Romar Communications Ltdnamed in the decision

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Dennis Theman

Named in the decision

29 June 2021

Compliance agreement

Largest sum in the decision: $7,330

Compliance agreement under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1)(b) and 367(1)(d).

Dossier

Finding Compliance agreement under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1)(b) and 367(1)(d).Commissioner of Canada Elections · 29 June 2021

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1)(b) and 367(1)(d)

$7,330 itions In accordance with subsection 517(2) of the Act, the Contracting Party undertakes to pay, to the Receiver General, a total amount of $7,330, consisting of the following: $5,830, representing th

$6,600 iance agreement, the Contracting Party acknowledges the following: In 2015, the Contracting Party contributed, in the aggregate, the sum of $6,600 to seven registered associations and four candidates

$5,830 517(2) of the Act, the Contracting Party undertakes to pay, to the Receiver General, a total amount of $7,330, consisting of the following: $5,830, representing the amount of illegal contributions;

$5,100 The totality of the $5,100 in excessive contributions made by the Contracting Party in 2015, as well as $200 of the $730 in excessive contributions made in 2017, has

$2,280 In 2017, the Contracting Party made $2,280 in total contributions to contestants in the NDP leadership contest.

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Bruno-Pier Dubeau-Goulet

Official agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $7,056

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 477.73(3)

$7,055.65 Bruno-Pier Dubeau-Goulet was required to return the excess reimbursement of $7,055.65 by June 21, 2021.

$6,887.07 On June 21, 2021, a cheque for $6,887.07 was sent.

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 477.73(3)

$168.58 Elections Canada records indicate that as of March 13, 2024, the amount of $168.58 had still not been returned.

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Stephen J. Garvey

Named in the decision

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $5,896

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1) and 373.

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1) and 373.Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1) and 373

$5,896 At the end of 2019, Stephen Garvey was owed $5,896 by the National Citizens Alliance of Canada.

$1,600 In 2019, Stephen Garvey was permitted by paragraph 367(1)(a) of the Canada Elections Act (the Act) to contribute $1,600 to a particular registered party.

$800 On December 28, 2019, Stephen Garvey also contributed $800 to the National Citizens Alliance of Canada.

$300 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 367(1)

Party National Citizens Alliance

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Daniel Berlin

Candidate

14 July 2021

Compliance agreement

Largest sum in the decision: $5,000

Compliance agreement under the Canada Elections Act, s. 482.1.

Dossier

Finding Compliance agreement under the Canada Elections Act, s. 482.1.Commissioner of Canada Elections · 14 July 2021

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 482.1

$5,000 however, that established that the work sent to them by the Contracting Party was actually carried out by another person who had been paid $5,000 by the Party, well before the by-election.

$2,000 Terms and conditions In accordance with subsection 517(2) of the Act, the Contracting Party undertakes to: pay the sum of $2,000 to the Receiver General within 90 days from the date he has been inform

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Pierre Beaudoin

Official agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $5,000

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(3).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(3).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 368(3)

$5,000 mpaign prior to agreeing to a $5,000 loan.

$1,420 In accordance with the Act, the ineligible contributions, totaling $1,420, were returned to the Receiver General for Canada on May 31, 2021.

$1,020 On September 9, 2019, Pierre Beaudoin accepted a cash contribution in the amount of $1,020 from an individual.

$400 Additionally, on September 9, 2019, the candidate made a cash contribution of $400 to his campaign prior to agreeing to a $5,000 loan.

$300 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 368(3)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Baljit Bawa

Candidate

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $5,000

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(7) and 368(2).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(7) and 368(2).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 367(7) and 368(2)

$5,000 Centre for the purposes of the 43rd federal general election (held on October 21, 2019), Baljit Bawa was allowed to contribute a maximum of $5,000 to his own campaign.

$ 4,611.08 The Candidate’s Electoral Campaign Return (the Return) reported $ 4,611.08 in monetary contributions from Baljit Bawa.

$700 Baljit Bawa also used his own funds to contribute money to his campaign using another contributor’s name, in the amount of at least $700.

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 367(7)

Party People's Party of Canada

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Naib Brar

Candidate

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $4,800

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1)

$4,800 The above-mentioned loans, totalling $4,800, were all made by Naib Brar and remained with the campaign until they were repaid in 2022.

$1,650 In 2020, this limit was $1,625, and in 2021, this limit was $1,650.

$1,625 In 2020, this limit was $1,625, and in 2021, this limit was $1,650.

$1,600 In 2019, Naib Brar was permitted by paragraph 367(1)(b) of the Canada Elections Act (the Act) to contribute $1,600 total to the registered associations, nomination contestants, and candidates of a par

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 367(1)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Yu Xiao

Official agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $4,104

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1)

$4,103.53 Specifically, Yu Xiao did not include in the Candidate’s Electoral Campaign Return (Return) expenses (totaling $4,103.53) for which vouchers were provided to Elections Canada.

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 477.72(1)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Darren Pereira

Official agent

31 January 2025

Undertaking

Largest sum in the decision: $2,706

Undertaking under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1).

Dossier

Finding Undertaking under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1).Commissioner of Canada Elections · 31 January 2025

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1)

$2,705.75 Specifically, Darren Pereira failed to report two election expenses in the Return, namely, $2,705.75 in expenses incurred by the campaign for electoral signs and $450 for management of the campaign an

$500 As Darren Pereira did not comply with the term and condition of the undertaking, a $500 administrative monetary penalty (AMP) was issued to him on March 12, 2025, for the violation of section 508.1 of

$450 ereira failed to report two election expenses in the Return, namely, $2,705.75 in expenses incurred by the campaign for electoral signs and $450 for management of the campaign and media.

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

David Pretlove

Financial agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $2,000

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(3).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(3).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 368(3)

$2,000 On August 30, 2019, David Pretlove accepted a contribution of $1,600 from an individual who had made a $2,000 loan earlier in the same month.

$1,600 limit to the nomination contestants of a particular registered party, set by paragraph 367(1)(c) of the Canada Elections Act (the Act), was $1,600 in 2019.

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 368(3)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

David Legere

Candidate

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $1,650

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 367(1)

$1,650 t Key facts of the violation In 2021, David Legere was permitted by paragraph 367(1)(b) of the Canada Elections Act (the Act) to contribute $1,650 to registered associations, nomination contestants, a

$1,000 David Legere made the following applicable contributions in 2021, resulting in a $150 over-contribution: $1,000 on July 8, 2021, to the Brantford--Brant Federal Green Party Association $400 on August

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 367(1)

$400 ford--Brant Federal Green Party Association $400 on August 30, 2021, to the campaign of Karleigh Csordas, a Green Party of Canada candidate $400 on September 6, 2021, to the Kitchener Centre Federal G

$150 David Legere made the following applicable contributions in 2021, resulting in a $150 over-contribution: $1,000 on July 8, 2021, to the Brantford--Brant Federal Green Party Association $400 on August

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Kevin Chant

Financial agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $1,600

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 372.

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 372.Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 372

$1,600 Per subsection 367(1) of the Canada Elections Act (the Act), an individual’s annual contribution limit for 2019 was $1,600.

$1,451 Political Financing and Audit Directorate sent a letter to Kevin Chant to inform him that Jaime Battiste had made an excess contribution of $1,451.

$500 The initial amount of the AMP was $500, but the final amount was reduced to $300 after the Commissioner’s review.

$300 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 372

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Gurnishan Singh

Financial agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $1,600

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 372.

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 372.Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 372

$1,600 The contribution limit for an individual in 2019 was $1,600.

$1,000 In 2019, an individual made the following contributions: On September 11, 2019, $1,000 to the Brampton North NDP Riding Association;

$600 and On October 14, 2019, $600 to the Brampton North NDP Riding Association The contributions made to the Association were in excess of the individual’s contribution limi

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 372

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Martin Pickup

Official agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $1,600

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(3).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(3).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 368(3)

$1,600 duals contributed cash in an amount in excess of $20 (prohibited by section 371 of the Act), and one such contribution was in excess of the $1,600 limit that a contributor may contribute to a candidat

$300 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 368(3)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Andrew Goodridge

Financial agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $1,500

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(2), 368(3) and 372.

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(2), 368(3) and 372.Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 368(2), 368(3) and 372

$1,500 While Andrew Goodridge may not have been aware of the exact source of the $1,500 funds provided to him, he would have reasonably known that the funds came from another individual and not from himself.

$500 The initial amount of the AMP set out in the Notice of Violation was $500.

$300 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 368(2)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Ayesha Chughtai

Candidate

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $1,500

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 281.4.

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 281.4.Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 281.4

$1,500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 281.4

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

William Healy

Financial agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $1,000

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 372.

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 372.Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 372

$1,000 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 372

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Fathi Elloumi

Official agent

31 March 2025

Undertaking

Largest sum in the decision: $875

Undertaking under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.54(1), 477.59(12) and 477.73(3).

Dossier

Finding Undertaking under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.54(1), 477.59(12) and 477.73(3).Commissioner of Canada Elections · 31 March 2025

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 477.54(1), 477.59(12) and 477.73(3)

$875 Fathi Elloumi further undertakes to pay the sum of $875 to the Receiver General within 30 days of the signing of this undertaking by the Manager.

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Emily Smith

Financial agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $500

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 372.

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 372.Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 372

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 372

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Percy Dastur

Candidate

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $500

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(2).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 368(2).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 368(2)

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 368(2)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

Christopher Richardson

Official agent

Administrative monetary penalty

Largest sum in the decision: $500

Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1).

Dossier

Finding Administrative monetary penalty under the Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1).Commissioner of Canada Elections ·

Law Canada Elections Act, s. 477.72(1)

$500 penalty, Canada Elections Act s. 477.72(1)

Record Commissioner of Canada Elections

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